Sleep apnea is one of the most common sleep disorders in the U.S., affecting millions of people. It’s caused by abnormal breathing during sleep and can be hard to properly diagnose. There are three types of sleep apnea: obstructive, central, and complex sleep apnea syndrome.
The most prevalent form is obstruct sleep apnea, where the throat muscles relax and block the airway, leading to disrupted breathing. If this sounds familiar, let’s explore the top five symptoms to look out for.
1. Chronic Snoring
Chronic snoring is the most noticeable and common sign of obstructive sleep apnea. While snoring becomes more common with age—impacting around 57% of men and 40% of women in the U.S.—it can also signal a sleep-related breathing issue. In cases of obstructive sleep apnea, using devices like CPAP machines can help reduce snoring and improve sleep quality.
2. Nocturia
Nocturia, or frequently waking up to urinate during the night, affects nearly half of those with obstructive sleep apnea. This condition disrupts airflow and oxygen levels during sleep, leading to frequent awakenings. It also causes hormonal changes that increase urine production, making people more likely to notice the urge to urinate when they wake up at night.
3. Excessive Daytime Sleepiness
Feeling overly tired during the day, or excessive daytime sleepiness, often accompanies obstructive sleep apnea. Many people remain undiagnosed, assuming their constant fatigue is normal. The frequent nighttime interruptions caused by sleep apnea interfere with deep, restful sleep, individuals drained during the day. In some cases, changes in brain activity linked to sleep apnea may also contribute to this drowsiness.
4. Memory Problems
Memory issues, particularly with semantic memory, are common among people with obstructive sleep apnea. Research comparing individuals with and without this condition suggests that fragmented sleep patterns could be a major contributor. While episodic memory often remains unaffected, the lack of restful sleep might impair a person’s ability to retain knowledge and information.
5. Disturbances
Mood changes are another possible symptom of obstructive sleep apnea. Studies have shown that individuals with this condition are more likely to develop mood disorders such as anxiety, depression, or even post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). These emotional shifts could result from the strain disrupted sleep places on overall mental health.
The Bottom Line
If you or someone you know is experiencing these symptoms, it’s important to consult a medical professional. Sleep apnea is manageable, and recognizing these red flags can help you take steps toward better sleep and overall well-being. Remember, you’re not alone, and addressing these issues can start with noticing the changes and seeking the right support.
